摘要：
To acquire reliable velocity of GNSS observation station is very important for the study of global plate movement,crustal deformation,seismic activity and geodynamic process.Therefore,considering the baseline vector after baselines calculation as observation value,introducing the coordinates,speed,annual and semi-annual seasonal items of GNSS stations as parameters together to be estimated,this paper reconstructs the models of least squares estimation and Kalman filter estimation,by which the velocity is determined along with GNSS network adj ustment.Meanwhile,considering the effect of the white noise and power law noise,it is same to the velocity fitting estimation model by the coordinate time series using the method of timing series analysis,by which the long-term trend item is estimated and considered as velocity value. Based on three speed estimation models,the GPS data from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China from 2010 to 2014 in Sichuan-Yunnan area is processed and analyzed.The result shows that the velocity difference between different models is less than 1mm/a and the root mean square error is at a submillimeter level.The three speed estimation models are veritied to be consistent and reliable,and the estimated velocity can satisfy the need the study of high precision crustal deformation..%获取准确的GNSS测站速度对于研究全球板块运动、地壳形变、地震活动及其地球动力学过程至关重要.为此,以GNSS基线解算后的基线向量作为观测值,重建了最小二乘综合速度解算模型和卡尔曼滤波速度估计模型.模型中,考虑了测站坐标、运动速度、年、半年周期项一同作为参数,在基线解网平差的同时,一并求解获取速度估值.同时,利用坐标时序分析的方法,顾及白噪声和幂律噪声的影响,对单日解坐标时间序列重建了时序速度拟合估计模型,以获取长期趋势项作为速度值.基于3种模型,对川滇地区中国地壳运动观测网络2010—2014年21个GPS基准站的观测数据进行了速度估计与对比分析.结果表明:3种模型所估计测站速度非常接近,差异基本处于0~1 mm/a范围之内;速度估值中误差均在亚毫米水平.由此得出,3种速度估计模型具有本质的一致性,均可正确估计测站运动速度,能够满足高精度地壳形变研究的需要.
