摘要：
针对东部草原煤矿区土壤贫瘠、生物种群单一以及植物抗逆性差等问题,采用盆栽方法研究了施氮(0 mg/kg、100 mg/kg)与接种丛枝菌根(AM)真菌(0 g/kg、50 g/kg)协同对玉米生长状况、抗逆性和根际土壤化学性状的影响.结果表明,单施氮、单接种AM真菌、联合施氮和接种AM真菌显著提高玉米干质量 23%~62%,全株氮吸收量 77%~538%,磷吸收量 39%~191%,钾吸收量 42%~135%.其中,施氮+接种AM真菌处理效果最好.同时,3个处理也显著提高叶片可溶性糖含量、降低相对电导率和脯氨酸含量,增强了其抗逆性.其中施氮+接种AM真菌处理的可溶性糖含量最高,相对电导率最低,单施氮处理的脯氨酸含量最低.同一施氮水平下,接种AM真菌显著降低土壤pH值,却显著增加了土壤电导率、速效磷含量、速效钾含量、土壤总球囊霉素(T-GRSP)含量和易提取球囊霉素(EE-GRSP)含量.与单接AM真菌处理相比,施氮+接种AM真菌处理能显著提高土壤电导率、速效钾含量和土壤易提取球囊霉素含量.综合来说,氮肥与AM真菌协同处理有利于促进菌根效应的发挥,促进玉米生长,有效改善土壤肥力,这为菌根肥料应用于东部矿区以进行微生物复垦和生态恢复提供了依据.%Aiming at the problems of poor soil, single biological population and poor stress resistances of plants in the coal mining area of Eastern Prairie of China, pot experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilization (0 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg) and inoculation of Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (0 g/kg, 50 g/kg) on maize growth, nutritional conditions, plant stress resistances, and rhizospheric soil chemical properties.The results showed that the treatments of solo nitrogen fertilization, solo inoculation of AM fungus, combination of nitrogen and AM fungus could significantly increase dry weight and plant nitroger, phosphorus, potassium concentration of maize, by 23%-62% and 77%-538%, 39%-191% and 42%-135%, respectively.The combination of nitrogen and AM fungus application exhibited the best effect.Meanwhile, above three treatments significantly increased leaf soluble sugar concentration, reduced relative electrical conductivity and proline concentration, with the combination of nitrogen and AM fungus showing the best effect as well.Under the same nitrogen level, the inoculation of AM fungus reduced the soil pH but increased soil electrical conductivity, available phosphorus and available potassium, T-GRSP and EE-GRSP.Compared with solo AM fungus application, combination of nitrogen fertilization and AM fungus increased soil conductivity, available potassium and EE-GRSP.Generally, combination of nitrogen fertilization and AM fungus inoculation could promote mycorrhizal effect and the growth of maize, and effectively improve the soil fertility.
