User

摘要： Online question and answer(Q&A)communities,which allow users to exchange knowledge by asking and answering questions,have become increasingly popular.As a result of user active participation,these communities store overwhelming volumes of information.However,existing related methods are unable to meet community operators’needs for analyzing multi-dimensional Q&A sequences and understanding user behavior.In this paper,collaborating with domain experts in online community,we present a system,VisQAC,which explores the patterns of Q&A sequence and user behavior.In the system,a novel visual design is proposed,which is combined with flexible mapping measures for analyzing critical characteristics of sequence data.Moreover,a timeline visualization method is designed to visualize data with categorical attributes and its correlation can be displayed flexibly by choosing time mode and time granularity.The usefulness and effectiveness of the system are demonstrated with several case studies of VisQAC with community operators based on the Zhihu dataset.Our evaluation shows that VisQAC is beneficial to the understanding of Q&A sequence and associated user behavior.

摘要： Objectives: The present study was conducted to describe and analyze antibiotic demands via prescription and non-prescription media received in private pharmacies in Lomé. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 26 private pharmacies in Lomé (Togo) from August to October 2013. The study was based on a survey conducted with a standardized questionnaire to collect data representing the daily activity of the pharmacies. Data on prescription documents, non-prescription media, patients’ and prescribers’ identification, and antibiotics requested were collected and analyzed. Key findings: During the study period, 596 antibiotic prescriptions were collected. Various prescription and non-prescription media permitted available antibiotic access in private pharmacies. Seventy-nine percent (79%) of the received orders contained one antibiotic. All categories of health care professionals were found among antibiotic prescribers. Prescribers were not identifiable in 40.2% of all prescription tools received for antibiotics demand. Forty-four percent (44%) of antibiotic orders were supported by a prescription. The study found that many people ordering antibiotic (61%) were not the direct users. Some elements of prescription compliance were mentioned at the rate of 82%, 44.7% and 59% (date, prescribers’ identity and qualification), 3/4 of the prescription material (patients’ identity and sex), more than 87% (accuracy of the dosage), 79.7% (oral route of administration) and less than 1/3 (duration of treatment). The results also indicated that Beta-lactams (41%), quinolones (17%), and 5-nitroimidazoles (15%) were the most prescribed classes of antibiotics. Conclusions: The study revealed that more than half of the antibiotics orders, received in pharmacies were non-compliant. This calls for an awareness of healthcare workers and populations on the rational use of antibiotics. Access to antibiotics should be further controlled (prescription dispensing), community should ban other media of obtaining antibiotics without a prescription and avoid particularly antimicrobial self-medication.

摘要： With the development of artificial intelligence in recent decades, intelligent algorithms such as visual recognition and natural language processing have affected and will continue to affect our lives. A smart device designed to help people make wise decisions on dress through dialogue would be a very convenient tool. By using a color extraction algorithm and natural language processing methods, we have built an outfit planning chatbot, named Outfit Helper, that can help male users decide what to wear in order to dress well. According to our study, most users think that the Outfit Helper is a good choice for solving the clothing matching problem. This study shows that our lives can become much easier by developing and using artificial intelligence to help us choose our clothing.

摘要： Accurately simulating large-scale user behavior is important to improve the similarity between the cyber range and the real network environment. The Linux Container provides a method to simulate the behavior of large-scale users under the constraints of limited physical resources. In a container-based virtualization environment, container networking is an important component. To evaluate the impact of different networking methods between the containers on the simulation performance, the typical container networking methods such as none, bridge, macvlan were analyzed, and the performance of different networking methods was evaluated according to the throughput and latency metrics. The experiments show that under the same physical resource constraints, the macvlan networking method has the best network performance, while the bridge method has the worst performance. This result provides a reference for selecting the appropriate networking method in the user behavior simulation process.

摘要： The APEXeditor, an Excel-based tool has been developed using the Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) to provide a graphical user interface (GUI) to the Agricultural Policy Environmental eXtender (APEX) model. APEX, in its native form, requires users to edit text files for modifying input files;therefore a GUI interface can aid users in modification of these files and reduce errors. Microsoft Excel is a popular spreadsheet program that has the largest user base among scientists and researchers, thus providing a relatively common platform in which stages the tool. The APEXeditor requires minimal additional learning to operate the tool for those who already have basic level of knowledge in Excel. The user can load APEX input files into the spreadsheet tool and the GUI offers meta information and provides functions to edit, write, and run the APEX model. Ultimately, the APEXeditor substitutes existing GUI programs such as WinAPEX or ArcAPEX that require installation or additional licensing. A series of scripts were developed as a back-end engine that automates data formatting and editing of linked APEX input ASCII files including database libraries. The simple architecture of the tool helps users maintain the quality of the data and allows error-free editing of APEX model inputs to characterize the system under study. This tool is suitable for all kinds of applications and has been successfully used for the creation of APEX model runs in numerous studies.

摘要： Cost recovery and user satisfaction are among the core objectives of any public or quas-public good provision.Public toilet service provision has been the domain of local government until when liberalisation policies struck the developing south.With stringent condition to reduce the fiscal burden,local government authorities have sought to offload some of its core functions including the management of public toilets to contracted firms.Based on regression and comparative quadrant analysis,this study evaluates cost recovery and user satisfaction in relation to public toilet condition based on a total of 729 user responses and 31 public toilet operators.The observations point to misguided decision to place public toilet management under contracted firms instead of placing then under Public Private Partnership(PPP).The decision to place public toilets management under private contract or individual contract is only secondary to PPP if the focus is to achieve both cost recovery and user satisfaction.However,if the focus was to achieve only cost recovery regardless of the need to protect users,then the decision would have been well founded but can be conspired inappropriate in as long as public toilets remain the domain of public good.

摘要： In the framework of this research, the principle focus is to analyze the effects of fluid Prandtl number (Pr) on natural convection heat transfer in a volumetrically heated molten pool. As a part of the work, numerical analysis is performed for hemispherical 3-D vessel slice to investigate the physics of the effect of Pr number on convective heat transfer characteristics in the melt pool. The investigation is based on ANSYS FLUET, where natural convection heat transfer effect is taken into consideration by Phase-change Effective Convectivity Model (PECM), which is implemented with FLUENT CFD as User Defined Function (UDF), programed by the user. The PECM is tested first by a benchmark test against CFD to gain confidence in its applicability as an analysis tool. Different simulant materials are used with their thermo-physical properties representing different Pr number as input for modelling for both single and double layer melt pool configuration. The selected modelling approach is validated against RASPLAV experimental result with respect to the inner temperature distribution that qualifies our model to run in the proceeding calculation. It is ensured that an isothermal boundary condition (343 K) is applied along vessel outer wall throughout the series of simulation cases. The corresponding Rayleigh number (Ra) ranges from 1014 - 1015 and Prandtl number (Pr) 3 - 5. It is found that the fluid Pr number has small effects on the averaged Nu numbers in the convection-dominated regions. The decrease in the Pr number may cause a decrease in the Nu numbers on the top and sidewalls of cavities. In the conduction dominated regions (stably stratified bottom parts of enclosure), the effect of fluid Pr number on heat transfer is more significant and it grows with increasing Ra number.

摘要： A method-mix for intercultural user interface design (IUID) is explained and exemplified by application examples based on a hybrid approach covering cultural contexts in human-computer interaction (HCI) design using a model of culturally influenced HCI. Cultural influence on HCI is described using cultural variables for user interface design. Assumptions and empirical results regarding the influence of culture on HCI, considering the path of the information processing and the interaction style between Chinese and German users are explained based on cultural models. Subsequent indicators represent the relationship between culture and HCI (culturally imprinted by the user). Correlations adopted theoretically between cultural dimensions and variables for HCI design were investigated. These correlations represent relevant constituents of a model for culturally influenced HCI. Considerations applying this model and evidence for the proper application of the IUID method-mix are presented elucidating why and how cultural aspects play a role in HCI design and usability/UX engineering. The IUID method-mix serves to inspire HCI engineers in the requirement analysis phase as well as HCI designers in the design phase. The readers are thereby sensitized to the challenges of intercultural usability/UX engineering and intercultural HCI design and will be equipped with methodological knowledge relevant to the derivation of design recommendations for user interface design for and in their desired cultural contexts. Finally, implications for practitioners are shown, including HCI style scores and practical design recommendations, to prognosticate the effort and the expenditures for considering the cultural context in IUID.

摘要： End User我们观察一个产品生产线就会发现，即使先进的集成产线，它也无法满足个性化的生产需求。传统的机械制造就是一个单元接着一个单元，输送系统将被加工的对象送到加工单元进行加工，例如：；中压、裁切、组装、折叠、粘合、焊接等，在整个过程中输送系统会将被加工产品由一个单元到另一个单元，那么这样就会形成很多制约。

摘要： The 5th-generation mobile communication system （5G） has higher security requirements thanprevious systems. Accordingly, international standard organizations, operators, and equipment manufactur-ers are focusing extensively on 5G security technology. This paper analyzes the security requirements of 5Gbusiness applications, network architecture, the air interface, and user privacy. The development trends of5G security architecture are summarized, with a focus on endogenous defense architecture, which representsa new trend in 5G security development. Several incremental 5C- security technologies are reviewed, includ-ing physical layer security, lightweight encryption, network slice security, user privacy protection, and blockchain technology applied to 5G.

摘要： 本发明公开了一种基于群组密钥池和改进Kerberos的User‑to‑User身份认证系统和方法，进行身份认证时包括：步骤A、主动方群组中的一用户端依据预设的主动方通信范围向量子网络服务站申请TGT(A)；所述用户端还向被动方群组中的一用户端申请TGT(B)；步骤B、主动方群组中的所述用户端再依据TGT(A)以及TGT(B)向量子网络服务站申请主动方会话密钥以及与预设的被动方通信范围相应的Ticket，并在主动方通信范围内共享所述Ticket以及主动方会话密钥；步骤C、主动方通信范围内的一用户端A向被动方通信范围内的一用户端B发送所述Ticket，所述Ticket中也包含有被动方会话密钥，使得用户端A和用户端B共享用于实施加密通信的会话密钥。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种基于群组密钥池和Kerberos的User‑to‑User身份认证系统，包括量子网络服务站，以及分别包括多个用户端的主动方群组和被动方群组，进行身份认证时包括：步骤A、主动方群组中的一用户端依据预设的主动方通信范围向量子网络服务站申请TGT（A）；用户端还向被动方群组中的一用户端申请TGT（B）；步骤B、主动方群组中的用户端再依据TGT（A）以及TGT（B）向量子网络服务站申请主动方会话密钥以及与预设的被动方通信范围相应的Ticket，并在主动方通信范围内共享；步骤C、主动方通信范围内的一用户端A向被动方通信范围内的一用户端B发送所述Ticket，所述Ticket中也包含有被动方会话密钥，使得用户端A和用户端B共享用于实施加密通信的会话密钥。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种基于群组密钥池和Kerberos的User‑to‑User身份认证系统，包括量子网络服务站，以及分别包括多个用户端的主动方群组和被动方群组，进行身份认证时包括：步骤A、主动方群组中的一用户端依据预设的主动方通信范围向量子网络服务站申请TGT(A)；所述用户端还向被动方群组中的一用户端申请TGT(B)；步骤B、主动方群组中的所述用户端再依据TGT(A)以及TGT(B)向量子网络服务站申请主动方会话密钥以及与预设的被动方通信范围相应的Ticket，并在主动方通信范围内共享；步骤C、主动方通信范围内的一用户端A向被动方通信范围内的一用户端B发送所述Ticket，所述Ticket中也包含有被动方会话密钥，使得用户端A和用户端B共享用于实施加密通信的会话密钥。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种基于群组密钥池和改进Kerberos的User‑to‑User身份认证系统和方法，进行身份认证时包括：步骤A、主动方群组中的一用户端依据预设的主动方通信范围向量子网络服务站申请TGT(A)；所述用户端还向被动方群组中的一用户端申请TGT(B)；步骤B、主动方群组中的所述用户端再依据TGT(A)以及TGT(B)向量子网络服务站申请主动方会话密钥以及与预设的被动方通信范围相应的Ticket，并在主动方通信范围内共享所述Ticket以及主动方会话密钥；步骤C、主动方通信范围内的一用户端A向被动方通信范围内的一用户端B发送所述Ticket，所述Ticket中也包含有被动方会话密钥，使得用户端A和用户端B共享用于实施加密通信的会话密钥。

摘要： 本发明提供基于USER‑AGENT的访客性别分析方法，涉及性别的分析领域，所述方法包括以下步骤：S1：与存储有用户性别数据的媒体建立合作关系，收集有性别信息的用户；S2：获取用户UA，从用户UA中获取用户访问设备的品牌和访问时间；S3：以访问时间和设备品牌作为输入特征、用户性别作为输出标签进行整理得到原始数据集；S4：将原始数据集的80％作为训练集训练分类算法，20％作为测试集测试训练分类算法，生成数据模型；S5：将数据模型投入生成环境，在数据模型中输入用户的访问时间和设备品牌后，输出用户的性别。本发明用于解决现有技术中的广告系统无法快速的获取用户的性别，以进行精准的广告投放，浪费大量广告费用的技术问题。

摘要： 本发明提供了一种基于USER酶的一步法快速构建带发夹结构的长片段RNAi载体的方法，提供了一种可用于制备带发夹结构的长片段RNAi载体的2301RNAiOS载体，以及一种基于USER酶构建的用于3LRR基因沉默的长片段RNAi载体。与目前已有的产生发夹结构的RNAi载体构建方法相比，本发明方法利用USER酶的特性，可以进行一步法构建，片段和载体在同一反应体系下，快速得到所需目的载体；而且更加高效，一次即可获得目的载体，成功率100％；同时本发明方法对插入片段长度和酶切位点没有要求，任何片段均可非常容易构建进入本发明的2301RNAiOS载体之中，特别适用于长片段RNAi载体的构建，非常高效和方便。

摘要： 本申请实施例提供一种基于vhost‑user的服务链实现方法及装置，涉及技术领域。该方法包括将网络流量数据存储至共享内存的vring循环队列中；服务链的所有节点的虚拟机按照编排顺序依次从所述vring循环队列获取所述网络流量数据进行处理；将处理后的网络流量数据重新存储至所述vring循环队列，服务链的各个节点使用共享内存，极大地减少内存数据拷贝量，提升系统效率，解决了现有方法中在虚拟化场景的服务链节点之间网络流量数据需要多次拷贝，导致占用系统资源过多的问题。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种带老化功能user计算机版本程序，涉及计算机老化检验技术领域，包括安装调试阶段、老化检验阶段和老化后验机阶段，其特征在于；在计算机中打开user版本，并且user版本下安装老化程序，进入安装调试阶段，样机上线调试，开机自动启动老化程序，调试完成后，将计算机送入到老化室，随后手动开机，计算机自动运行老化程序，随后计算机进入老化检验阶段，老化完成后，自动进行关机，进入验机阶段，判断各部件是否有问题，系统保留程序，便于随时进行检验，如无需要可以人为操作对其进行删除卸载。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种基于user_agent的app应用发布方法，App的每次网络请求里加上user‑agent，自定义为当前的版本号，或者具有某些意义的特殊字符；Server端配置webserver，通过对user‑agent的判断和匹配，把符合预审核条件的请求转发到供预审核用的服务器上，而线上非预审核的请求，还是正常发送至线上服务区；配置预审核用的服务器，server端所有模块按照需要发布的client的需要进行部署。本发明webserver根据user‑agent请求进行判断和匹配，从而进行服务转发；保证了app发布时的client和server能自主控制更新发布。

摘要： 独立级联模型下带有unwanted user的影响力最大化方法，根据独立路径构造子图，从而将复杂网络之间用户关系进行分解，计算得到节点之间的激活概率a(v，u)以及子图的传播概率a