延边朝鲜语词汇变异研究--以朝鲜语汉字词和外来词的使用为例*

摘要

Language contact is an important factor in Korean word variation in Yanbian,In language contact background,loan words from Chinese and overseas Korean words aggregate and fuse in Yan-bian Korean vocabulary system,form different social distribution in the speech community and show different trends.Using the research methods of micro sociolinguistics,this research investigated the word variation of Korean and the underlying social attribution including socio-demographic character-istics,language activities and language identity in the context of language community of Yanbian.The results show that,Chinese morpheme and order words in Korean language have formed stable social distribution,foreign words of overseas Korean transliteration in Korean language have not yet formed the social distribution orderly,and the social distribution of non Chinese morpheme and order words in Korean language and letter words in Korean language is between the two.%语言接触是延边朝鲜语词汇变异产生的重要因素，在语言接触背景下，源于汉语和境外朝鲜语的词在延边朝鲜语词汇系统中聚集与融合，并在言语社区内形成不同的社会分布，呈现出不同的发展趋势。本文运用微观社会语言学的研究方法，建立具有跨境语言特色的朝鲜语词汇调查表，设定社会人口结构特征、语言活动、语言认同三组变量，在延边地区进行词汇变异调查研究，结果表明，趋向于汉语的朝汉同素同序汉字词已经形成稳定的社会分布，趋向于境外朝鲜语的以朝鲜文字标记的外来词尚未形成有序的社会分布，而朝汉非同素同序汉字词和字母词的社会分布情况介于两者之间。