摘要:
目的:研究家族性先天性眼球震颤患者的眼底病变特点.方法:对我院就诊的家族性先天性眼球震颤3个家系患者20例40眼进行眼位、屈光状态、眼前节、眼底彩色照相、光学相干断层扫描(OCT)、视网膜电生理(ERG)和视觉诱发电位(VEP)等检查.结果:家系A共8例患者,均为水平型眼球震颤,其中斜视6例(伴代偿头位2例),核性白内障2例,后极性白内障2例,早产儿视网膜病变1例,高度屈光不正2例.家系B共6例患者,均为水平型眼球震颤,其中白化病3例(伴黄斑发育不良2例),高度屈光不正2例,全色盲1例,核性白内障1例.家系C共6例患者(5例水平型眼球震颤,1例旋转型眼球震颤),其中Leber先天性黑矇2例,家族性渗出性视网膜病变1例,后极性白内障2例,虹膜萎缩1例,斜视2例.结论:家族性先天性眼球震颤患者要进行全面的眼部检查,尽可能找出病因,改善患者视功能.%AIM: To investigate the clinical features of fundus diseases of familial congenital nystagmus.?METHODS: Totally 40 eyes of 20 nystagmus patients from 3 congenital nystagmus families were enrolled in our study. The eye position, refractive error, anterior segment and fundus, including fundus photograph, optical coherence tomography ( OCT) , and visual evoked potential ( VEP) were performed on them.?RESULTS: There were 8 patients in Family A, all of which were horizontal nystagmus, in that 6 cases of strabismus ( 2 of which combined with compensatory head posture) , 2 cases of nuclear cataract, 2 cases of posterior polar cataract, 1 case of retinopathy of prematurity, 2 cases of severe ametropia. There were 6 patients in Family B, all of which were horizontal nystagmus, in that 3 cases of albinism ( 2 of which combined with macular hypoplasia) , 2 cases of severe ametropia, 1 case of achromatopsia, 1 case of nuclear cataract. There were 6 patients in Family C (5 of which were horizontal nystagmus and 1 rotatory nystagmus) ,2 cases of Leber congenital amaurosis, 1 case of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy, 2 cases of posterior polar cataract, 1 case of iris atrophy, 2 cases of strabismus.?CONCLUSION:We have to do detailed examinations on patients suffered from familial congenital nystagmus to understand its causes and to improve their visual functions as well as possible.