METHOD FOR PRODUCING ALKYLBENZENE AND A REACTOR FOR THE SULFURIC ACID ALKYLATION OF ISOBUTANE WITH OLEFINS

摘要

The invention relates to a method (two variants) for producing alkylbenzene by alkylating isobutene with olefins and to a reactor (two variants) for carrying out said method. In the first variant, the reactor comprises a reaction chamber consisting of a vertical cylindrical housing and coaxial return pipe, units for the inlet of sulfuric acid and of circulating reaction products, wherein the sulfuric acid inlet unit is in the form of a chamber with an inlet connection that is situated below the return pipe at a distance from the end thereof and is separated therefrom by a transverse partition in which nozzles for introducing sulfuric acid into the circulating acid are secured, said nozzles being oriented upwards and being arranged in a circle, the diameter of which is less than the inside diameter of the return pipe. The unit for the inlet of circulating reaction products mixed with an olefin-containing raw material is in the form of an annular chamber with an inlet connection, which chamber is situated above the return pipe and is provided with nozzles that are oriented downwards and are arranged in a circle, the diameter of which is greater than the outside diameter of the return pipe, and with a reaction mixture removal conduit situated inside the annular chamber. In the second variant, the reactor is in the form of two coaxial reaction chambers, arranged one above the other, which are similar to the above-mentioned reaction chambers, wherein a connection for removing a portion of the reaction mixture from the upper chamber is situated in the housing of said chamber above the level of a transverse partition in which nozzles for the flow of emulsion from the lower chamber to the upper chamber are secured. The use of the method (variants) and the reactor (variants) makes it possible to produce better quality alkylbenzene and to provide high operational reliability.