In the last decade, a new history of shock therapy in psychiatry has emerged. Electroshock or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in particular has attracted the attention of the scholars German Berrios, Roberta Passioni and Max Fink, who have each examined the scientific origins of the therapy. Timothy W Kneeland and Carol A B Warren have explored its history in the United States, and Jonathan Sadowsky has analysed its reception by American psychoanalysts in the twentieth century. Most recently, the extensive monograph Shock therapy by Edward Shorter and David Healy has provided new insights into the invention of ECT in Italy and its use in the United States and in several other countries. Specialized studies of the portrayal of ECT in films, popular magazines, and of patient consent to the therapy in Britain have also been published. The former image of ECT as a brutal and brain-disabling treatment has been challenged by this new literature. Instead, the recent studies have focused on the life-saving results of shock therapy and its positive effect on depression, characterizing ECT as the "penicillin of psychiatry".
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机译:在过去的十年中,出现了精神病学休克疗法的新历史。电击或电惊厥疗法(ECT)尤其引起了学者德国人Berrios,Roberta Passioni和Max Fink的关注,他们都研究了这种疗法的科学渊源。蒂莫西·肯尼兰(Timothy W Kneeland)和卡罗尔·A·沃伦(Carol A B Warren)曾在美国探索其历史,乔纳森·萨多斯基(Jonathan Sadowsky)分析了二十世纪美国心理学家对它的接受。最近,爱德华·肖特(Edward Shorter)和戴维·希利(David Healy)撰写的大量专着《电击疗法》对ECT在意大利的发明及其在美国和其他几个国家的使用提供了新的见解。在电影,流行杂志中以及在英国患者对ECT表现的专门研究也已经发表。 ECT作为残酷无助的大脑治疗方法的前身形象受到了这一新文献的挑战。取而代之的是,最近的研究集中在休克疗法的挽救生命的结果及其对抑郁症的积极影响上,将ECT称为“精神病学的青霉素”。
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