Genetics Diversity of some Grape Genotypes by ISSR and RAPD Markers

摘要

Grape is an important fruit crop with various consumptions. Classical methods of identification, based on ampelographic characterization, are not always the most accurate way due to instability of morphological characteristics under the influence of the internal and external environments. The superiority of molecular markers over ampelometry for the characterization of grape genotypes is their capability to identify the diversity at genomic level free of environmental factors. Genetic variation of 15 grape genotypes (including 7 Khorasan native grape genotypes and 8 imported genotypes from Turkmenistan) were studied based on RAPD and ISSR markers. PCR amplification of DNA by using 7 primers for RAPD analysis produced 59 bands while the same number of primers used for ISSR analysis resulted in 58 bands. These bands could be scored in all genotypes. The average number of polymorphic bands per RAPD and ISSR primers was 8.4 and 8.2, respectively. The RAPD and ISSR data were combined for UPGMA cluster analysis. Dendrogram based on genetic distance (UPGMA) indicated segregation of the 15 grape genotypes into two main clusters. Turkmen genotypes formed cluster I and native Khorasan genotypes grouped in cluster II. Based on Jaccard's similarity coefficient, the highest similarity observed between the Turkmen 6 and Turkmen 8 and lowest similarity observed between Turkmen 3 and Sahebi e Rezaieh.