Type 2 Diabetes Family Histories, Body Composition and Fasting Glucose Levels: A Cross-Section Analysis in Healthy Sedentary Male and Female

摘要

Abstract Background: Diabetes type 2 is a world wide spread disease with a multifactorial pathogenetic evolution. Various factors like obesity, physical inactivity and poor lifestyle habits contribute to its development. The aim of this study-was to verify if in young healthy sedentary male and female there is positive correlation between family history to type 2 diabetes and an increase in body weight and fat mass, or alterations in basal glycemia values. Methods: Totallyl83 male and 237 female healthy sedentary subjects were analysed in 2012, in Italy. They were divided in three groups: FH+ with first degree family history, FH++with second degree family history and FH~ with no family history. Anthropometrics, body composition and blood parameters were assessed. Results: Male had the highest BMI values (P<0.01). FH+ and FH++ had increased waist and hip circumferences and body weight (P<0.005 for men, P<0.0001 for women), body mass index (P< 0.0001 in both sexes), waist-hip ratio (P< 0.05 for men and women) and triceps skinfold (P< 0.0005 for both sexes). Obesity incidence was higher in FH+ and FH++ compared to control groups. Conclusions: The study confirms family history to diabetes type 2 as a risk factor for the development of the illness, mainly in a case of first degree of FH. Preventive interventions are necessary to promote significant life-style changes, such as increased physical activity and controlled quantity and quality of food intake. A deficit in insulin secretion and physiological tis-sutal action induces mellitus diabetes, causing chronic hyper-glycemia and various metabolic dis-eases.In occidental industrialized countries, type 2 diabetes (TD2) is the most widely Spread disease, showing a constant increase of incidence also in young population. Moreover, genetic and environmental risk factors influence diabetes development: family history, age, obesity and physical inactivity.Maternal influence confirmed the hereditary role in the diabetes pathogenesis: women with positive family history to the illness presented major risks to develop gestational TD2, confirming the inter-generative transmission of this disease(3-11).