Fluid flow problems in the areas of biomedical engineering and biomechanics are being addressed at increasingly small scales. This is very apparent in the domain of theoretical modelingwheremultiscalemodeling approaches are steadily on the rise. In addition to utilizing standard computational fluidmechanics models at reduced scales, increasingly lattice Boltzmann and molecular dynamics models are employed to lower the level of these challenging scales even further. For example, multicoupled, multiscale modeling strategies are essential to successfully address the mechanobiologic problem of atherosclerotic plaque initiation at the vascular endothelium where particulates like blood cells as well as biomolecules are involved in the mechanotransductive processes across the endothelial surface layer into the underlying tissue. Similarly, in the field of experimental biofluid mechanics, the wealth of more recently developed imaging techniques and not least of ultrafine optical measurement techniques allow for investigation at the involved small length scales and have set the research bar notably higher of late.
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