Turning Signals On and Off: GLUT4 Traffic in the Insulin-Signaling Highway

摘要

Insulin stimulation of glucose uptake into skeletal muscle and adipose tissues is achieved by accelerating glucose transporter GLUT4 exocytosis from intracellu-lar compartments to the plasma membrane and minimally reducing its endocy-tosis. The roundtrip of GLUT4 is intricately regulated by diverse signaling molecules impinging on specific compartments. Here we highlight the key molecular signals that are turned on and off by insulin to accomplish this task.