The first bout of global warming

Alice Klein

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The first bout of global warming

机译：全球变暖的第一轮

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摘要

WE'RE not the first living beings to drastically alter Earth's climate. The earliest photosynthetic microorganisms belched out enough methane to warm the planet by 15°C. This spell of global warming may have saved Earth from freezing over, and created a comfortable climate for early organisms.

机译：我们不是第一个彻底改变地球气候的生物。最早的光合作用微生物释放出足够多的甲烷，使地球温度升高了15°C。全球变暖的这种魔咒可能使地球免于冰冻，并为早期生物创造了舒适的气候。

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来源
《New scientist》 |2017年第3156期|11-11|共1页
作者
Alice Klein;
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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
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1. Climate change and global warming. Towards the global spread of tropical infectious diseases? Climate Change and Global Warming [J] . Frimmel S, Hemmer CJ, Lobermann Pharmazie in Unserer Zeit . 2009,第6期

机译：气候变化与全球变暖。走向热带传染病的全球传播？气候变化与全球变暖
2. Relative roles of differential SST warming, uniform SST warming and land surface warming in determining the Walker circulation changes under global warming [J] . Zhang Lei, Li Tim Climate dynamics . 2017,第3a4期

机译：SST变暖，SST均匀变暖和地表变暖在确定全球变暖下沃克环流变化中的相对作用
3. Impacts of global warming on West African monsoon rainfall: Downscaling by pseudo global warming method [J] . Gbode Imoleayo E., Ogunjobi Kehinde O., Dudhia Jimy, Atmospheric research . 2021,第Feba期

机译：全球变暖对西非季风降雨的影响：伪全球变暖方法缩小
4. Une negociation dynamique de niveau de service de bout en bout securisee [C] . Mohamed Aymen CHALOUF, Francine KRIEF Annual International Conference on New Technologies of Distributed Systems . 2010

机译：端到端服务级别的动态协商
5. Questions Raised by the Global Warming Hiatus: The Predictability of Tropical Pacific Decadal Variability and Subsurface Warming of the Tropical Atlantic Ocean [D] . Ramesh, Nandini. 2018

机译：全球变暖中断提出的问题：热带太平洋年代际变率的可预测性和热带大西洋的地下变暖
6. Ill Save the World from Global Warming—Tomorrow: Using Procrastination Management to Combat Global Warming [O] . Richard W Malott 2010

机译：我将从拯救全球的世界中拯救世界-明天：使用拖延管理应对全球变暖
7. Endothermy of dynastine scarab beetles (Cyclocephala colasi) associated with pollination biology of a thermogenic arum lily (Philodendron solimoesense) : Cyclocephala colasi beetles are facultative endotherms that spend most of their adult lives inside the inflorescences of Philodendron solimoesense, where ambient temperature (Ta) averages about 28°C due to floral thermogenesis. Measurements of respiration within a range of Ta showed that active beetles became spontaneously endothermic at Ta below 28°C but were rarely endothermic above it. There was no evidence of endothermy within the inflorescences, indicating that activities in the floral chamber can occur without the high energy expense of endothermy. Bouts of endothermy occurred at lower Ta in respirometer chambers mainly in the evening, when the insects normally fly from one inflorescence to another, and during the night, when they normally eat and mate within the inflorescence. Patterns of endothermy in individual episodes were studied in non-flying beetles with respirometry and infrared thermal imaging. Heat was generated in the thorax by oscillatory waves of respiration that were coupled with thoracic temperature (Tth) increases. Stationary beetles could regulate Tth at about 33°C independently of Ta between 16 and 29°C. At Ta20°C, this represents a 116-fold increase in metabolic rate over resting, ectothermic values. Endothermy was clearly a requirement for flight, and beetles departing inflorescences warmed to about 30°C before take-off. During flight, Tth was dependent on Ta, decreasing from 37 to 28°C at Ta of 37 to 20°C, respectively. The lowest Ta at which flight could occur was about 20°C. Thermal conductance of stationary, endothermic beetles increased at higher metabolic rates, probably because of increased ventilatory heat loss. [O] . Seymour, R.S., White, C.R., Gibernau, Marc 2009

机译：与产热香芋百合（Philodendron solimoesense）授粉生物学相关的动态圣甲虫（Cyclocephala colasi）吸热：Cyclocephala colasi甲虫是兼性吸热体，它们大部分成年生活都在Philodendron solimoesense的花序中，其平均温度（Ta）由于花的生热作用，温度约为28°C。在Ta范围内的呼吸测量表明，活跃的甲虫在Ta低于28°C时会自发吸热，而在Ta高于28°C时很少吸热。在花序中没有吸热的迹象，表明花室中的活动可以在没有高的吸热能量消耗的情况下发生。吸热的爆发主要发生在晚上，当昆虫通常从一个花序飞到另一个花序时，以及在晚上，它们通常在花序中进食并交配时，在呼吸计室的较低Ta处发生。在非飞行甲虫中通过呼吸测定法和红外热成像研究了单个发作中的吸热模式。伴随着胸温（Tth）升高的呼吸振荡波在胸腔中产生热量。固定甲虫可以在约33°C的温度下调节Tth，而与Ta在16至29°C之间的温度无关。在Ta20°C下，这表示其代谢速率比静止的，等温的升高116倍。吸热显然是飞行的要求，离开花序的甲虫在起飞前会升温到约30°C。在飞行过程中，Tth取决于Ta，在Ta从37降至20°C时，Tth分别从37°C降至28°C。可能发生飞行的最低Ta约为20°C。固定的，吸热的甲虫的热导率以较高的代谢率增加，这可能是由于通风热损失增加所致。

The first bout of global warming

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