Localization of the sine-Gordon equation solutions

摘要

Localization of the waves of the sine-Gordon equation depends on the shape of the initial condition. It is shown how initially motionless Gaussian distribution may be modified to obtain propagation of localized waves in both directions. However, the resulting localized wave profile is described neither by an asymptotic envelope-wave solution to the sine-Gordon equation nor by its exact traveling breather solution. The distributed control algorithms are developed to achieve wave localization independent of the shape of the initial condition. It is shown that localization of the waves in both directions is achieved by means of a feedforward (nonfeedback) control. The waves are similar to the envelope wave solution. The feedback distributed algorithm is shown to provide both localized waves according to analytical solutions and their unidirectional propagation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.