Anatabine ameliorates intestinal inflammation and reduces the production of pro-inflammatory factors in a dextran sulfate sodium mouse model of colitis

摘要

Clinical parameters of DSS-treated mice administered nicotine or anatabine. a Mice were orally administered nicotine or anatabine (5 or 20 mg/kg) for a total of 21 days. Colitis was induced by oral administration of 3.5% DSS in drinking water ad libitum during days 14–21. b Body weight changes in mice during the colitis induction and recovery phases. Body weight changes were calculated as percentage relative to the starting day of DSS treatment (day 0). c Colon weight/length ratio are represented as mg/cm of colon. d DAI was calculated according to weight loss, colon weight/length ratio, and intestinal bleeding. e Stool occult blood score. f Intestinal bleeding score. g Diarrhea score. h Colon inflammatory status. Data are shown as mean ± SEM; *p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001. Nic 5, nicotine 5 mg/kg; Nic 20, nicotine 20 mg/kg; Ana 5, anatabine 5 mg/kg; Ana 20, anatabine 20 mg/kg