Thermal conductivity is the most basic and important thermal physical parameters to demonstrate the ther-mal insulation performance of thermal insulation material. Meanwhile,the research on thermal conductivity of cryogenic thermal insulation material is the critical segment to develop new types of materials in cryogenic area. Different types of thermal insulation material need different testing devices. This paper mainly summarizes several kinds of devices on test-ing cryogenic thermal conductivity and its research development at home and abroad. Related testing devices include:flat-plate,concentric cylinders,concentric spheres and boil-off calorimeter. The powder material is a kind of cryogenic thermal insulation materials of vital importance,whose testing device is very important thus to obtain reliable experimental data which may be the guidance of the way to produce economic and efficient cryogenic thermal insulation system.%导热系数是表征绝热材料绝热性能的最重要的热物性参数,对于低温绝热材料导热系数的研究是研究低温绝热材料的关键.不同类型的绝热材料需要不同的测试装置,文章主要总结了几种低温绝热材料的导热系数测试装置及其国内外相关研究情况.相关装置主要有:平板法、同心圆柱法、同心球法和蒸发量法等.粉末类绝热材料是一类重要的低温绝热材料,发展相关的低温绝热性能测试方法及装置非常重要,以便能够得到真实可靠的实验数据,进一步制作经济、高效的低温绝热体系.
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