城市群不仅是地理上的相邻性，更重要的是经济上的关联性，而企业是城市关联网络的“作用者”。在全球、国家和地区3个空间层面上，采用企业关联网络的分析方法，揭示了京津冀、长三角和珠三角地区的城市体系的主要异同所在。北京、上海、广州和深圳既是全国的核心城市，也分别是3个地区的“门户城市”，发挥向外连接全球经济网络和向内辐射区域腹地的“两个扇面”作用。3个地区的门户城市、主要城市和一般城市在各个层面的关联网络中都形成明显的梯度格局。在地区层面上，珠三角地区的城市体系以两个核心和单一层级（省域）为特征，显然不同于京津冀地区和长三角地区的城市体系以单一核心和两个层级（区域和省域）为特征。%An urban cluster is defined not only by the geographical proximity but also, more importantly, by economic connection of cities. Firms are the agents to interlock cities into a networ. By analyzing firm-based interlocking network, the paper identifies similarities and differences between urban clusters of nation-wide influence in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, the Yangtze River Delta Region and the Pearl River Delta region regarding the conifguration of their interlocking networks on global,national and regional scales. Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen are both the central cities at the national level and the gateway cities of the respective regions, playing the role of linkage between the global economic network and the regional hinterlands. The gateway cities, major cities and other cities in the three regions display the hierarchical formation on global, national and regional scales. The urban system in the Pearl River Delta region is characterized by two central cities, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and one tier (the provincial tier), in obvious contrast with the urban systems in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and the Yangtze River Delta Region, which are characterized by one central city (Beijing and Shanghai respectively) and two tiers (regional and provincial tiers).
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