基于 GIS 的东营市暴雨洪涝灾害风险区划

摘要

Using meteorological data,land use data,TM image,basic geographic information data of Dongying City,the flood disaster risk assessment model was established from four aspects of hazard factor,dis-aster bodies,hazard inducing environment and disaster prevention and mitigation capacity.By expert scoring and AHP method,the weights of each index were calculated.Using GIS spatial analysis technique,each index was rasterized and the zoning map of the flood risk was obtained with 1 00 m ×1 00 m grid as the basic evalua-tion unit.Which divided Dongying flood risk into five levels,including the highest,the second highest,mid-dle,sub -low and low risk area.The results showed that the eastern and western Hekou District,the western Lijin County,the central Dongying District and the southern Guangrao County were at higher risk,and the central Hekou District,the eastern Kenli County and the most area of Dongying City were at lower risk.Over-all,the risk of Hekou District was relatively high and that of Kenli County was relatively low.%采用东营市气象数据、土地利用现状数据、TM影像、基础地理信息数据，从致灾因子危险性、承灾体易损性、孕灾环境敏感性、防灾减灾能力四方面构建暴雨洪涝灾害风险评价模型。运用专家打分和层次分析法计算各指标的权重，通过 GIS 空间分析技术实现各评价指标的栅格化，并利用加权综合评价法得到以100 m ×100 m 栅格为基本评价单元的东营市暴雨洪涝灾害风险区划图，将东营市分为高、次高、中、次低和低5级风险区。结果表明：河口区东部和西部、利津县西部、东营区中部、广饶县南部风险较高；河口区中部、垦利县东部和东营大部分区域风险较低。总的来说，河口区暴发洪涝灾害的风险相对较高，垦利县的风险最低。