低密度脆性微流星体撞击航天器防护结构损伤效应研究

摘要

采用硅酸盐质弹丸模拟低密度脆性微流星体,开展了航天器典型Whipple防护结构撞击实验研究,获得了低密度微流星体弹丸损伤模式和损伤规律,实验表明,当弹丸撞击速度在1.1～1.4km/s,前板损伤模式从花瓣式开裂转变为穿孔,当速度为1.4km/s时后板鼓包头上出现裂纹;随着弹丸速度的进一步增加,后板出现剥落现象,并形成花瓣撕裂,当弹丸撞击速度达到1.95km/s时后板被击穿,导致防护结构受到破坏.%In this paper,numerical impact experiments on spacecraft typical Whipple shield with silicate projectile as low-density brittle micro-meteoroids are carried out to obtain a low-density brittle micro-meteoroids’ damage mode and damage law.It is shown that when the projectile impact velocity is between 1.1 km/s and 1.4 km/s,the front plate injury model changes from the petal-type cracking into the hole,when the speed is 1.4 km/s the cracks appear on the drum header.With the increase of the projectile speed,flakes occur on the back plate,and the petal-type crack is formed.When the projectile impact speed is 1.95 km/s,the back plate cracks into the hole,leading to the destruction of protective structures.