民族地区定居点牧民社会经济文化适应力分析--以甘南牧区定居点牧民为例

摘要

Social,economic and cultural adaptation capacity of herdsmen in settlements refers to their adaptation capability,after the entry into the settlements,in terms of new environment,modes of e-conomic activities,living modes,governments'policies,environmental awareness,ethnic traditions, etc.This very capacity will determine their sustained survival ability in the settlements.Having not taken the differences of these herdsmen's social,economic and cultural adaptation capacity,the previ-ous settlement plans would often cause them return to nomadic mode.In addition,these herdsmen in settlements are influenced by “poverty culture”,and the non-material forms of behavior,habits, customs,psyche,attitude and value have also influenced their above-mentioned adaptation capacity. Therefore,it is really necessary to establish criteria system of herdsmen social,economic and cultural adaptation capacity,apply analytical hierarchy process so as to offer scientific foundations for diversi-fied settlement strategies.%定居点牧民的社会经济文化适应力就是指牧民进入定居点后，对新的生态环境、经济行为方式、生活方式、社会交往、政府政策、法律意识、民族传统等各方面的调适能力，其决定了牧民在定居点的持续生存能力。以往并未考虑定居点牧民社会经济文化适应力差异的划一定居方案往往致使部分牧民复归游牧生活。此外，民族地区定居点牧民受“贫困文化”影响，其行为方式、习惯、风俗、心理定势、态度和价值观等非物质形式也深刻影响着其在定居点环境下的社会经济文化适应能力。为此，搭建定居点牧民社会经济文化适应力指标体系，运用层次分析法，为差异化定居策略的制定提供科学依据是十分必要的。