佛山肇庆村民健康素养现状分析

摘要

Objective To analyze the present situation and the influencing factors of health literacy of villagers in Foshan and Zhaoqing to provide the basis for the relevant departments to formulate the measures of health education. Methods By adopting the convenience sampling method ,the questionnaire survey was performed on 540 villagers in street intercept from July to August 2014. The obtained data were analyzed by chi-square test and non-conditional Logistic regression analysis. Results 44.8%of villagers formed the health literacy of knowledge;the formation rate of health literacy of knowledge had significantly sta-tistical differences among villagers with different sexes,ages,education background,marital status and occupations(P<0.05),which of females was higher than males,which of the>15-30 years old villagers was higher than other age groups′,which of the college or above villagers was higher than other academic groups′,which of the unmarried villagers was higher than the married villagers′, which of teachers and medical staff were higher than other occupation groups′;8.5%of villagers formed the health literacy of be havior;the formation rate of health literacy of behavior had significantly statistical difference among the different occupations (P<0.01);the health personnel had the highest formation rate (30.0%);farmers and staff of animal and husbandry had the lowest forma-tion rate(0.0);the females,highly educated people and intellectual people were the protective factors of health literacy (P<0.01). Conclusion There is large differences in health literacy of knowledge and health literacy of behavior among villagers. The population′s development is unbalanced;It must strengthen the health education and monitor the health literacy regularly.%目的：分析佛山肇庆市村民的健康素养现状及影响因素，为相关部门制订健康教育措施提供依据。方法采取方便抽样法，2014年7~8月街头对540名村民进行问卷调查，数据用χ2检验、非条件Logistic回归分析。结果44.8%村民形成知识性健康素养，不同性别、年龄、学历、婚姻状况、职业村民形成率比较，差异有统计学差异（P<0.05），其中女性高于男性，>15~30岁高于其他年龄组、大专及以上高于其他学历人群，未婚高于已婚，教师和医护人员高于其他职业人群；8.5%村民形成行为性健康素养，不同职业人群形成率比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01），最高是医疗卫生人员（30.0%），最低的是务农和养殖畜牧业人员（0.0）；女性、高学历、知识分子是健康素养具备的保护因素（P<0.01）。结论村民知识性与行为性健康素养差异大，人群发展不均衡，应加强健康教育，定期开展健康素养监测。