磷脂酰肌醇3激酶（PI3K）信号通路调节细胞的增殖分化与细胞周期进展，其异常活化促使细胞发生恶性转化，并与人类多种肿瘤的形成、发展及预后息息相关。根据亚基构成的差别可将PI3K分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ3型，三者的特异底物及催化产物也各不相同，并具有不同的生物学效应。Ⅰ型PI3K的各类亚基在子宫内膜癌中常发生扩增或突变，并伴随显著的致瘤潜能，Ⅱ型PI3K主要介导细胞的增殖与凋亡、调控细胞周期进展及新生血管形成，Ⅲ型PI3K能诱导子宫内膜腺上皮细胞自噬并抑制其过度增殖。就PI3K催化亚基及调节亚基与妇科肿瘤，特别是子宫内膜癌的相互关系作一综述。%Phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase (PI3K) signalling pathway specially regulate a range of cellular essential physical processes, including proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle progression ,which is closely bound up to the formation, development and prognosis of various human cancers. Based on the difference of comprising subunits, phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase (PI3K) can be divided into three classes, including PI3K classⅠ,ⅡandⅢ. The substrate specificity, as well as the corresponding catalytic product downstream, also differ among such three classes biological effects and lead to specific biological effects. Various subunits of PI3K classⅠalways undergo mutation or amplification, accompanied by predominant carcinogenic potential. PI3K class Ⅱ mainly controls cell proliferation and apoptosis, regulate cell cycle progression and the formation of newborn vessels, whereas PI3K class Ⅲ can induce the autophagy procedure of endometrial glandular epithelial cells and inhibit their excessive proliferation. This article mainly provides a review concerning the specific relationship between pathogenesis of Gynecological cancers, especially endometrial carcinoma and various PI3K regulatory subunits and catalytic subunits.
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