论周氏兄弟的早期翻译

摘要

1909年《域外小说集》的出版是周氏兄弟在晚清最重要的文学活动。在《域外小说集》中，周氏兄弟审慎地选择了代表唯美主义、自然主义、批判现实主义、现代主义等世纪之交文艺思潮的小说作品，来践行以文艺转移性情、改造社会的目标。《域外小说集》能够在1909年出版，与周氏兄弟之前较长一段时间里在翻译领域的摸索和准备是分不开的。周氏兄弟的早期翻译可以分为两个阶段：1903—1906年是裹挟在晚清译介潮流中的摸索阶段。在晚清译界登场以后，周氏兄弟大致选择了科学小说和侦探小说进行翻译。1906—1908年是周氏兄弟《域外小说集》的酝酿阶段。在合作翻译《红星佚史》的过程中，他们提出了“文以移情”的翻译理念。受到无政府主义思想的影响，此时他们开始关注俄国文学。周氏兄弟最早关注并认真译介的弱小民族文学是匈牙利文学。%In the late Qing Dynasty, the publication of The Collections of Foreign Fictions in 1909 was the most important literar-y activity for Zhou brothers.They chose the stories in the book carefully which represented the trend of literary at the turn of the century, such as aestheticism, naturalism, critical realism, modernism, and etc.They hoped to achieve their ambition by trans-ferring people's dispositions and transforming the society.The publication of the book has been closely related to Zhou brothers'exploration and preparation in the field of translation from 1903 to 1908, which can be roughly divided into two periods.Before the year of 1906, their translation followed the trend of the time in an explorative manner.They chose scientific fiction and de-tective fiction as their translation topics.Then from the year 1906 to 1908, they started to prepare for the publication of The Col-lections of Foreign Fictions.They collaborated to translate The World's Desire and put forward the concept of circumstances. Under the influence of anarchism, they turned their attention to Russian literature.The earliest translation of literature from small and weak nations for them is Hungarian literature.