CAR-T细胞免疫疗法副作用的优化策略

摘要

CAR-T细胞免疫疗法(chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy)即嵌合抗原受体T细胞免疫疗法已在血液恶性肿瘤治疗中取得了明显效果.然而,CAR T细胞的抗肿瘤活性需要进一步改善以增强其在肿瘤临床治疗中的应用.实体瘤由于缺乏肿瘤特异性抗原难以有效区分肿瘤相关抗原和正常组织或器官,导致脱靶效应.另外CAR T细胞治疗可以引发一系列毒副作用,例如细胞因子释放综合征及神经毒性等.本文针对CAR-T细胞疗法中几个重大的安全性问题的优化方案进行总结.%Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy can be used to effectively treat hematological malignancies. However, there is necessary to enhance the anti-tumor activity of CAR T cells to improve the clinical application. It is difficult to effectively distinguish between tumor-associated antigens and normal tissues or organs due to the lack of tumor specific antigens, leading to off-target effects. In addition, CAR T cell therapy can trigger a series of toxic side effects, such as cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity. This article summarizes the optimization schemes for several major safety issues of CAR T cell therapy.