2014年山东临沂地区花生真菌及黄曲霉毒素污染调查

摘要

Objective To study thefungi and aflatoxin infection of shell peanuts harvested in 2014 collected from 5 regions in Linyi district, Shandong province.MethodsUnshelled peanuts and soil samples collected at 1 month before harvest, peanuts samples collected at harvest, 1 and 3 month after harvest from different regions were inoculated onto PDA medium. The colony-forming unit of fungi germinated were enumerated, classified and identified after incubation for 5 d at 28±1℃ ; aflatoxin was detected byhigh performance liquid chromatography.Results The species of fungi isolated from peanut kernels and soil varied from region to region, and the fungal species from soil were more various. While the invasion of peanut kernels byAspergillus flavusand aflatoxinwas very low at the average percentage of 7% and 1%, respectively. ConclusionThe peanuts kernels collected from Linyi district of Shandong province were slightly infected by Aspergillus flavusand aflatoxin, but the other fungi invasion still need to be taken.%目的：对山东临沂地区五个花生主产区2014年花生真菌及黄曲霉毒素污染情况进行调查。方法分别采集收获前1个月的花生和土壤样品和收获期、收获后贮藏1个月及3个月的花生样品，花生和土壤真菌菌相调查分别采用点种法和稀释法接种马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂(PDA)平板，于28±1℃培养5 d后进行菌落计数并鉴定；黄曲霉毒素含量采用高效液相色谱法测定。结果临沂不同地区花生和土壤样品污染的真菌菌相不同，土壤样品真菌菌相较为丰富，但黄曲霉(7%)及黄曲霉毒素(1%)侵染水平均较低。结论山东临沂部分地区花生样品受黄曲霉及黄曲霉毒素侵染较轻，但仍需注意土壤中其他真菌污染。