比较法视野下的我国可持续水治理(上)——对水和水情的法律理解

摘要

The current water crisis in China needs modem water management concept.From the multi-angle and multi-level thorough analysis on water and water regimen,it is pointed out that the water is not only economic substance,but also a component of human survival basis,animals and plants living space and ecological systems.Through the comparative analysis of the management concepts of international laws,EU laws and German Water Law,the general development trend is determined,namely,under the concept of ecological protection with environmental target-oriented objective,the waters protection level is improved by means of the planning measures and integrated management.On such a basis,the water management and waters protection in China under new times are comparatively analyzed.It is put forward that the sustainable water governance should be only based on the constitutional state,with environmental protection as the aim,and the measure of integrated water management should be adopted.%当代的中国水危机需要现代水管理理念.通过对水和水情多角度、多层面的深入分析,指出水不仅是经济物质,同时更是人类生存基础、动植物生存空间和生态系统的组成部分.通过对国际法、欧盟和德国水法中的管理理念比较分析,明确其总的发展趋势,即在生态保护理念下,以环境目标为导向,通过规划措施和综合手段提高水体保护水平.在此基础上,对我国新时期的水管理和水体保护进行法律分析,指出可持续水治理只能以法治为原则,以环境目标为导向,实施综合水体管理.