稳定期精神分裂症患者睡眠结构特点及其影响因素

摘要

Objective:To explore the sleep structure characteristics and its effect factors in stable state pa-tients with schizophrenia. Method:Using random cluster sampling method,polysomnography(PSG)examina-tion was performed in 114 stable state patients with schizophrenia. The sleep structure and its effect factors were analyzed. Results:The average time from lights-off to sleep in patients was 47 min,the average sleep time was 5. 5 h,the sleep efficiency was 66. 14% . The distribution of stagesⅠto Ⅳ and rapid eye movement(REM)in total sleep time were 19. 31% ,57. 68% ,1. 17% ,1. 02% and 20. 83% . Only 24(21. 1% )cases had normal sleep effi-ciency. Forty-two(36. 8% )cases had sleep absence in stage III,90(78. 9% )cases with sleep absence in stageⅣ,6(5. 3% )cases with sleep absence in stage of rapid eye movement(REM). Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio of sedative hypnotic drugs effect on sleep stage Ⅳ was 5. 70(95% CI:1. 22 -26. 57). Conclusion:The sleep efficiency is reduced in schizophrenia patients,the stage of shallow sleep is increased and deep sleep is decreased. Sedative hypnotics can effectively improve the patientˊs sleep structure.%目的：探讨稳定期精神分裂症患者睡眠结构特点及其影响因素。方法：采用随机整群抽样方法，对114例稳定期精神分裂症患者进行多导睡眠图（PSG）检查，分析睡眠结构及其影响因素。结果：入组患者睡眠潜伏期平均为47 min，睡眠时间约5.5 h，睡眠效率66.14%。Ⅰ~Ⅳ期及快动眼（REM）期睡眠分别占总睡眠19.31%、57.68%、1.17%、1.02%及20.83%。睡眠效率正常24例（21.1%），Ⅲ期睡眠缺如42例（36.8%），Ⅳ期睡眠缺如90例（78.9%），REM 期睡眠缺如6例（5.3%）。Logistic 回归分析显示镇静催眠药物对于Ⅳ期睡眠的影响具有统计学意义（P ﹤0.05）。结论：稳定期精神分裂症患者睡眠效率下降，浅睡眠增多，深睡眠减少；镇静催眠药可有效改善患者的睡眠结构。