轻型卡车与轿车碰撞兼容性：速度变化下的乘员损伤

摘要

This paper analyzes the distribution of injured occupants in side impact collisions of light truck vehicles to passenger cars in the real world. The injury levels were divided into MAIS 0-7 injured occupants and MAIS 3＋ injured occupants. The injury distribution of five main seriously injured body regions （including head/faceeck, chest, pelvis, upper extremity and lower extremity） was investigated at delta velocity before and after crash, using the delta velocity of struck and striking vehicles as the variable, according to 1.36 million weighted crash compatibility cases extracted from the US National Automotive Sampling System （NASS） / Crashworthiness Data System （CDS） database. The results show that the delta velocity of striking vehicle is larger than that of the struck vehicle, and the occupant injured risk ratio is lower than that of the struck vehicle. Therefore, avoiding the pelvis injury of drivers and passengers can reduce the risk of total occupants involved in the collisions in consideration of crash compatibility.%研究了真实世界事故中、侧面冲击载荷作用下轻型卡车与轿车驾乘人员的损伤位置分布。采用了美国国家汽车取样系统／耐撞性数据库（NASS／CDS）近136万个碰撞兼容性案例，将所有驾乘人员损伤等级分为MAIS0—7和MAIS3＋两种情况，在不同速度下，以涉案撞击车和被撞击车在碰撞前后的速度变化值为变量，分析了乘员不同损伤部位（头部／面部／颈部、胸部、骨盆、上肢和下肢）的损伤分布。结果表明：撞击车乘员受损速度区间比被撞击车偏大，乘员损伤风险偏低。因此，从碰撞兼容性角度考虑，减少驾乘人员的骨盆损伤，可以减少所有涉案乘员损伤风险机率。