ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of laparoscopic renal cyst unroofing decompression combined minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy under direct vision at the same period for treatment of kidney stones combined renal cyst.Method38 patients with kidney stones combined renal cyst were collected. 19 cases of control group were given conventional laparotomy while experiment group was given laparoscopic combined percutaneous nephrolithotomy at the same period. Operation time, bleeding during operation, stone clear conditions, occurrence rate of postoperative complications of patients and whether there was recurrence of cyst were observed.ResultOperation time of control group was obviously longer than experiment group and bleeding amount was obviously larger than experiment group; occurrence rate of postoperative complications of experiment group was obviously lower than control group; recurrence rate stone and cyst after operation of experiment group was obviously lower than control group. ConclusionLaparoscopic renal cyst unroofing decompression combined minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy under direct vision at the same period for treatment of kidney stones combined renal cyst has a good clinical effect. It’s safe and can relieve the patients’ pain, so it’s worth of being popularized.%目的：观察腹腔镜下肾囊肿去顶减压术同期直视下微创经皮肾镜取石术对于肾结石合并肾囊肿的治疗效果。方法收集38例肾结石合并肾囊肿的患者，其中对照组19例患者行传统外科开腹手术，实验组患者在腹腔镜下同期联合进行经皮肾镜取石术治疗，观察患者手术所需时间、术中出血情况，结石清理情况，术后并发症的发生率，以及是否有囊肿复发等。结果对照组患者手术时间较实验组显著延长，出血量也明显高于实验组；实验组术后并发症的发生率明显低于对照组；术后结石、囊肿的复发率，实验组显著低于对照组。结论腹腔镜下肾囊肿去顶减压同期直视下微创经皮肾镜取石术治疗肾结石合并肾囊肿的患者的治疗临床疗效好，手术安全，同期手术可以减轻对患者的痛苦，值得推广使用。
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