正念训练对更年期妇女情绪影响效果的随机对照研究

摘要

目的：评价正念训练改善更年期妇女情绪的作用效果，探索更年期心理保健新方法。方法将40～60岁处于围绝经期的74例妇女随机分为试验组（n＝35）和对照组（n＝39），试验组接受8周正念训练，而对照组在此期间未接受该训练方法。采用简明心境量表分别于入组时、入组后第9周对研究对象的更年期情绪状况进行基线测评和干预后测评。结果两组研究对象的人口学特征、基线测评结果都均衡可比。干预后测评结果显示，试验组的简明心境量表总分较基线测评值下降6．8，差异有统计学意义（t＝－2．71，P＜0．05）；其中，精力－活力、紧张－焦虑、抑郁－沮丧、愤怒－敌意4个维度得分较基线测评值分别下降1．5、1．4、1．2、1．1，差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为－2．51、－2．23、－2．10、－3．00，均P＜0．05）；而对照组的总分及6个维度得分在干预前、后的差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0．05）。此外，试验组的总分及精力－活力、紧张－焦虑、抑郁－沮丧、愤怒－敌意、疲乏－迟钝5个维度得分在干预前、后的改变均大于对照组，但差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0．05）。结论正念训练对更年期妇女的精力、焦虑、抑郁以及愤怒状况呈现出一定的改善趋势，值得进一步研究。%Objective To evaluate the effect of mindfulness training on improving menopausal mood and to explore new interventions for menopausal mental health.Methods Totally 74 menopausal women aged 40-60 years were randomized to intervention group receiving 8-week mindfulness training ( n =35 ) and control group without any training ( n =39 ) .The mood of all the subjects was measured simultaneously using brief Profile of Mood States ( bPOMS) before intervention and 9 weeks after intervention.Results The demographic characteristics and the baseline levels of bPOMS were comparable between two groups.The bPOMS total score of the intervention group after training reduced by 6.8 compared with the baseline level (t=-2.71,P<0.05).The scores of Vigor-Activity, Anger-Hostility, Depression-Dejection, and Fatigue-Inertia of the intervention group reduced by 1.5, 1.4, 1.2 and 1.1, respectively after training, and the differences were significant (t value was -2.51, -2.23, -2.10 and -3.00, respectively, all P<0.05).In the control group there were no significant changes in total score and the scores of 6 dimensions before and after study ( all P>0.05) .Furthermore, the changes in total score and the scores of the dimensions of Vigor-Activity, Anger-Hostility, Depression-Dejection and Fatigue-Inertia, and Fatigue-Dullness were greater in the intervention group than those in the control group, but the differences were not significant (all P>0.05). Conclusion Mindfulness training has certain effect on improving menopausal mood such as energy, anxiety, depression and anger, which is worthy of further study.