基于有限元——统计能量数值混响室法的声学包设计与优化

摘要

[目的]为解决传统声学包设计法耗时、耗资高的问题,[方法]利用有限元—统计能量(FE-SEA)数值混响室法在全频段进行声学包的设计与优化.设计空气层声学包及无空气层声学包这2种类型共8种声学包,计算其隔声量.采用遗传算法,以达到最大隔声量值为目标对每一种声学包的材料层厚度进行优化.[结果]研究表明,有空气层存在的声学包的隔声量值较无空气层声学包的高2~6 dB,且与原始设计相比,优化后的声学包的隔声性能得到大幅提高.[结论]所得研究成果对实际工程中船舶声学包设计有重要的指导价值.%To solve the low efficiency problem of the conventional sound package, the FE-SEA numerical reverberation method is applied in the design and optimization of sound packages in the whole frequency domain. Two types of sound package with and without air layers are designed and optimized. The FE-SEA numerical reverberation method is used to calculate sound transmission loss. The thicknesses of the air layers of the sound packages are defined as design variables. The optimization results reveal that the sound package with air layer has better acoustic performance than the one without air layers, and the sound transmission loss can be raised 2-6 dB after optimization. The research results have important guiding values for ship sound package design in actual engineering.