抗血管内皮生长因子治疗眼部新生血管性疾病问题与挑战

摘要

抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)疗法是目前治疗眼部新生血管性疾病的主要方案.自该疗法用于临床以来,已有效地挽救或改善了许多患者的视力.然而,VEGF是一种机体代偿性生成的保护性生长因子,在对疾病进行抗VEGF的治疗过程中,VEGF的生理作用也会受到抑制,可能会导致一些相关的问题,如视网膜萎缩、视网膜色素上皮(RPE)撕裂、系统性不良反应等,其中视网膜萎缩已成为相关眼部疾病治疗后期视力下降的主要原因之一.视网膜萎缩的具体发生机制尚未完全明确,临床医师应当对其给予足够重视.如何进一步改进治疗策略以减少此类不良反应,是今后抗VEGF治疗面临的一大挑战.%Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy is a major strategy for treating ocular neovascular diseases nowadays.It has revolutionarily improved the vision of many patients since its emergence.However,VEGF is essentially a protective growth factor that is compensatorily produced by human body.In the anti-VEGF treatment of the diseases,the physiological effects of VEGF are also inhibited,which may result in some related problems,such as retinal atrophy,retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tears,systemic adverse effects,and so on.Retinal atrophy has become one of the major causes of visual loss in the late stage of the treatment.The specific mechanism underlying them is not completely known,we should pay enough attention to them.How to improve the anti-VEGF treatment strategy in order to reduce the incidence of these problems will be a great challenge.