一种限载式气动葫芦的设计与试验研究

摘要

电动葫芦是一种常见的工业起重机械设备,虽然工作效率高,但是电动机无过载保护,易烧毁电机,而且存在漏电打火的可能性,不适用于防爆场合.提出并设计了一种以压缩空气作为动力源,基于气控换向阀主阀芯的运动,实现过载保护的新型气动葫芦,介绍了其机械结构、工作原理和特征参数,并针对设计的气动系统回路进行了AMESim仿真和试验探究,结果表明该装置由于采用气动方式,不仅能够实现重物平稳的启动与制动,有效避免葫芦脱轨整体坠落的危险,而且还能达到过载保护的目的.%Electric hoist is a common industrial lifting machinery equipment.Although its work efficiency is high,the motor has no overload protection and is burned easily.And it has the possibility of leakage electricity,so that it does not apply to explosion-proof occasions.A new kind of air hoist is put forward which adopts compressed air as the power source and based on the pneumatic directional control valve of the main valve core movement to realize overload protection.The mechanical structure,operating principle and characteristic parameter of the air hoist are also introduced.The AMESim and the experiment research of the pneumatic system circuit are also conducted.Simulation test shows that the device with pneumatic way can not only achieve weight smooth starting and braking,and effectively avoid the risk of hoist derailment fall,but also can achieve the goal of overload protection.