铁路危险货物办理站布局优化双层规划模型与算法

摘要

根据国家标准中规定的常见危险化学品在存储区的临界量,提出布局优化阶段的铁路危险货物办理站环境风险评估模型.在此基础上,根据铁路决策部门与危险货物运输客户之间的主从递阶决策关系,建立铁路危险货物办理站布局优化问题的双层规划模型.上层规划模型以一定区域内危险货物办理站环境风险最小化而运量最大化为目标,下层规划模型以客户运输费用最小化为目标.采用该模型可以合理确定危险货物办理站的地理位置及承办危险货物的类别.通过构造上、下层决策变量间的反应函数,设计模型的启发式求解算法.算例验证了模型及其算法的可行性和有效性.%According to the critical quantity of common dangerous chemicals in storage prescribed by relative national standard, an environment risk evaluation model is proposed for distribution optimization of railway dangerous goods handling station. On this basis, a bi-level programming model for the distribution optimization of dangerous goods handling station is constructed in the light of the principal and subordinate hierarchical decision-making relationship between railway decision-making section and the clients of dangerous goods transport. The objective of the upper programming model is to minimize the total environment risk and maximize the total freight volume of dangerous goods handling station in a certain area, and that of the lower programming model is to minimize the total transport cost of the clients. With the model, dangerous goods handling stations can be reasonably located and the categories of dangerous goods to be handled can be determined. By formatting the reaction function between the upper and lower decision variables, a heuristic algorithm of the model is developed. A computational example illustrates that the model and its algorithm are feasible and effective.