Numerical modelling of atmosphere processes in mountain cirques and open pits

摘要

The results of modelling of local processes of dynamics and pollution of the atmosphere in mountain valleys, cirques and deep open pits are considered. According to the character of the currents and the structure of the considered domain this problem isn't typical for the atmospheric boundary layer, but it presents adjacent sphere between hydrodynamics and mesometeorology with complex geometry of surfaces and structure of air currents. So, for solution of this problem several variants of the model of hydro-thermo-dynamics of turbulent atmosphere over complex terrain without approximation of hydrostatics have been developed and used. For description of the slope effects the equations of radiation- and thermal budget at the 'atmosphere-soil' boundary have been used. On a basis of numerical modelling the processes of natural ventilation in valleys, hollows and open pits have been investigated: different variants of interaction of wind flow and the open pit atmosphere under various stratification, forming of tear-off currents and recirculation zones, anabatic and catabatic slope winds, as well as interaction of local mountain circulation of thermal type with outer wind flow.