PROPERTIES OF QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY BASED ON ORTHOGONAL STATES: SOLDENBERG AND VAIDMAN SCHEME

摘要

Properties of quantum key distribution scheme based on orthogonal quantum states proposed by Goldenberg and Vaidman (GV scheme) are theoretically clarified. First, it is shown that multiple-particle sources can be applied to the GV scheme instead of single-particle ones. Then, probabilities that an eavesdropper is detected is given for an eavesdropping method which is a simple modification of that used to show the security of the scheme. Finally, the security of the GV scheme against the eavesdropping method is discussed based on information theory.