Temperature differential power generation made by the thermoelectric material is an effective way to recover waste heat and enhance the internal combustion engine energy utilization efficiency. At present, single-phase coolant is applied to the thermoelectric material cold-end, but the temperature control effect is not ideal except for low power generation. In this research, a two-phase cooling system is designed to stabilize the thermoelectric material cold-end temperature. Firstly, the thermal characteristics of the diesel engine exhaust gas and the Mg_2Si_(0.3)Sn_(0.7) thermoelectric material are obtained through experiments. Secondly, the heat-transfer model of the heat-exchange system is established through the set system's geometrical parameters. Finally, the characteristics of temperature between the thermoelectric material's cold-end and hot-end besides the heat transfer rate are acquired, thus the power generation performance of the thermoelectric material would be gained. The result shows that under the engine's experiment working conditions of 1300rpm to 2100rpm, comparing to the single-phase cooling system, the two-phase cooling system could ensure the coolant's cold-end temperature in the range of 102 °C to 106 °C , which increases the thermoelectric material temperature difference more than 50°C. Correspondingly, the power generation increases about 122W to 2785W.
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