36.1 Introduction Recent advances in computing technologies have led to major developments in musical technology. Many machine learning algorithms and human-computer interfaces have been developed to promise new perspectives into computer-assisted music composition. However, the substantive use of music technologies have been limited to music professionals. The full potential of music technology has yet to be unlocked to make playing and writing music accessible to musically untrained users, so music entertainment and education has yet to be promoted among the general population. Existing machines learning methods for composing music are not suitable for taking the input by amateur users into account while maintaining musical appropriateness. Supporting musical creativity of untrained people has important social implications and requires multi-disciplinary research in the interface of music technology, machine learning, and human-computer interactions.
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