Environmental exposure - annoyance relationships in black and gray urban areas

摘要

It is quite seldom to find individuals who are only annoyed by a single type of urban environmental exposure, and extremely rare to find individuals that cherish or complain about only a single aspect of urban living quality. In black and gray urban areas exposed to high and intermediate noise levels, people are usually multi-exposed and react adversely to more than one type of environmental exposure. Nevertheless, different classes of exposures and aspects of urban life are often studied in isolation, and exposure-annoyance relationships estimated separately and with disregard of urban context. Measures to reduce and alleviate the various quality of life impacts are also often undertaken by authorities focusing on one type of exposure at a time. In this paper we summarize some results and insights from Norwegian socio-acoustic and socio-environmental research containing elements of a broader conceptual framework.