The Framework for K-12 Science Education (National Research Council [NRC], 2012) stresses teaching and learning of both scientific and engineering practices in order for students to understand and experience how scientist and engineers work; "how scientific knowledge is produced and how engineering solutions are developed" (p. 3-1). Crucially, the Framework conceptualizes these scientific and engineering practices as overlapping but distinct Knowledge of both domains, it is argued, will help students to become critical consumers of scientific information, to understand the impact of scientists' and engineers' work on daily life and how this work addresses major societal challenges (e.g., treating of diseases, addressing climate change or generating sufficient and affordable energy), and lead them to consider a career in a STEM field.
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