Walking in a Crowd Full of Virtual Characters: Effects of Virtual Character Appearance on Human Movement Behavior

摘要

This paper describes a study on the effects that a virtual crowd composed of virtual characters with different appearance has on human movement behavior in a virtual environment. The study examines five virtual crowd conditions that include the following virtual characters: neutral, realistic, cartoon, zombies, and fantasy. Participants were instructed to cross a virtual crosswalk and each time, one of the examined crowd conditions shown. The movement behavior of participants was captured and objectively analyzed based on four measurements (speed, deviation, distance traveled, and interpersonal distance). It was found that the appearance of the virtual characters significantly affected the movement behavior of participants. Participants walked slower when exposed to a virtual crowd composed of cartoon characters and faster when exposed to fantasy characters. Moreover, participants deviated more when exposed to a crowd composed of fantasy characters compared to cartoon and zombie characters. Finally, the interpersonal distance between participants and fantasy characters was significantly greater compared to human and zombie characters. Our findings, limitations and future directions are discussed in the paper.