(1561) DESIGNER TRAINING IN RUSSIA: SPECIALISTS’ TRAINING FEATURES IN CREATING A REQUIRED BODY

摘要

The presence of a required body at all times has been one of the leading needs for both women and men. Its creation is carried out by various means, including special physical exercises, cosmetics, drawing pictures on separate parts of the body (tattoo), and lately - plastic surgery. The history of the development of clothing shows that one of its functions is to create a body image corresponding to the ideas deal with its external characteristics that dominate in a society. In each epoch there is a special fashion for the required male and female body, which can be created with the help of clothes emphasizing that fits it or hides certain shortcomings. Clothing fashion with all its changes is aimed at shaping such an external appearance of a person, which indicates not so much his her social status, material wealth, but first of all it emphasizes the beauty of the figure, despite its physical characteristics. Specialists are required to design such clothes, whose training is carried out throughout the world, including Russia. In Russia hundreds of specialists are trained at various universities, receiving education as a fashion designer. Students participate in fashion shows not only in their own country, but also abroad. They manage to find work in major design centers of the world, proving the availability of quality education, which allows them to engage in both the creation of unique samples of clothing and those intended for the mass consumer. The research conducted at the Ural State University of Architecture and Art in the city of Yekaterinburg, in one of the Russian megalopolises. The major research objectives were to explore: the main goals and objectives to be solved in the process of training young professionals, the prospects for their self-realization in future work activities and the organization of the educational process. The research methodology combined both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The primary data was collected using questionnaires and in-depth interviews. One hundred and fifteen respondents - bachelor and master students, were questioned on the basis of quota. Depths interviews with 13experts were conducted, among them there are 6 professors of the department of clothing design and 7 university graduates who graduated from the university 2-3 years ago. The study has fixed that the main purpose of education for students is the acquisition of practical skills that allow in the future to design fashionable clothes for both adults and children, and to open their own firms for its production. In depth-interviews with professors has shown that in the process of learning two main goals are realized. Firstly, to train specialists who is informed about the main trends in the change of world fashion and about the peculiarities of its design in large international firms. Secondly, to form students’ orientations and attitudes towards the creation of fashion, taking into account the national traditions of the peoples inhabiting Russia, ensuring the development of the domestic fashion industry. The survey of young fashion designers has shown that they are actively looking for opportunities to realize their creative ideas, exposing their own models at various exhibitions, as well as offering trade enterprises samples of clothing for the mass consumer. Our research has elucidated general and special features in organizing the training of young fashion designers at the Russian universities.