Chromosome Studies by Means of Tissue Culture, C-banding Patterns and Physical Mapping in the Genus Allium

摘要

We report the combined data for a few decades on the Giemsa C-banding kary-otypes, selection of somaclonal variants by tissue culture, and physical mapping of 5S rRNA gene in the genus Allium. This report is focused on the phylogenetic relationships among Allium species. C-banding patterns by BSG technique are very similar in all species except a few species. Somaclonal variants through tissue culture were obtained in some species and some variants were very useful for breeding. In this situation, the condition of callus induction and regeneration has a considerable difference according to the examined species. Finally, chromosomal localization and distribution patterns of the 5S rRNA gene by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization in the genus Allium can help to classify species into chromosome types that have 5R rRNA gene and aid in determining relationship among genomes.