Park-and-Ride Access Station Choice Model for Cross-Regional Commuter Trips in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA)

摘要

The paper presents an investigation on park-and-ride (P&R) access station choices of crossregional commuter in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA). Data from a householdtravel survey conducted in 2006 in the GTHA is used for empirical investigation. The householdtravel survey data is supplemented by data from transit service operators regarding P&R stationlocations, parking lot capacities, parking costs, surrounding land use, and station amenities.Three groups of park-and-ride users are defined herein: individuals who have only local transit(TTC Subway) stations within a reasonable reach, individuals with only regional transit (GORail) stations within reach, and individuals who have both GO Rail and TTC Subway stationswithin reach. Different model structures and specifications are tested and three discrete choicemodels are estimated. Empirical models reveal that access distance and the relative stationdirection (toward the work place) are the primary factors affecting transit station choice for parkand-ride options. However, between station distance and relative station direction, commutersare more sensitive to changes in station access distance than to changes in the relative stationdirection from their households. In addition, the empirical models reveal that local transit parkand-ride users are less sensitive to access distance than regional transit park-and-ride users. Theresults of this investigation can be useful in future transit station design projects in order toattract more commuters to use park-and-ride.