SPACE VEHICLE FOR DESCENT IN ATMOSPHERE OF PLANET AND METHOD FOR DESCENT OF SPACE VEHICLE IN ATMOSPHERE OF PLANET

摘要

FIELD: rocketry and space engineering. SUBSTANCE: space vehicle has carrier heat-insulated casing with blunted nose portion, bottom shield, gas- dynamic flight control devices for control of flight in atmospheric section of trajectory, payload unit and landing complex. Space vehicle casing consists on upper and lower parts connected by means of bottom shield. Casing is provided with aft flap. Lower part of casing and aft flap are made in form of elements of spherical segment formed by radius conjugated with blunted portion of vehicle with center at point located on line of intersection of longitudinal plane of symmetry of vehicle and normal plane after center of mass of vehicle in direction towards bottom shield. Bottom shield is made in form of sphere formed by radius with center at point located in transverse plane passing through center of mass of vehicle. Split flap is articulated for control of vehicle by pitching and rolling channels. Method of descent of space vehicle in atmosphere planet consists in orientation and braking of vehicle before entry to atmosphere of planet, stabilization of vehicle in atmosphere of planet by pitching, yawing and rolling channels and placing in operation space vehicle landing system. Flap is deflected by programmed angles in rolling and pitching planes in interval from hypersonic to supersonic speeds and space vehicle is simultaneously stabilized at trimming angle of attack at flap deflected by gas-dynamic control devices at simultaneous determination of present coordinates and speeds of vehicle and comparison of these magnitudes with programmed data; if necessary, corrections are introduced, after which vehicle landing system is started. EFFECT: manoeuvre in lateral range up to 1000 km ar retained density of filling inner volume with payload.