METHOD FOR PREDICTING CLINICAL TYPES OF SCHOOL DISADAPTATION, ESTABLISHING PECULIARITIES OF AGE DYNAMICS AND PREDICTING DISADAPTATIONAL STATES IN CHILDREN WITH SLIGHT MENTAL DULLNESS

摘要

FIELD: medicine, juvenile psychiatry.;SUBSTANCE: tests should be carried out twice or thrice annually to state upon functional diagnosis. One should determine nonpathological type of school disadaptation characterized by psychological adequacy to external impacts, relative merit in manifestation of disadaptational reactions, moreover, one should predict gradual deterioration of disorders followed by satisfactory school adaptation. Pathological type is diagnosed in children with leading emotional-behavior psychopathy-like disorders expressed by neurotic and pathocharacterological manifestations.. Moreover, one should predict transformation and structuring of disorders into one out of four types of school disadaptation. Affective-kinetic type characterizing by a sympthomocomplex at predominant emotional-volitional lability, instability, impatience, excitability, abstraction, motor disorders, anxiety which are manifested in three variants: hyperkinetic - at constant target motor excitement, unbraking; asteno-hypokinetic - at motor braking, weakness, poor movements, decreased volitional processes; aggressive-dystrophic - at affective explosiveness, irritability along with aggressive actions. Abnormal-personal type characterized by personal immaturity, coarse decrease of critical capabilities, tendency to imitation of deviant forms of behavior which is manifested in three variants: imitation variant - with tendency to imitation for deviant forms of behavior; deprivation variant - at deprivation disotogenesis, microsocial-pedagogical neglect, decreased cognitive activity and no abilities to control target psychic activity; pseudoautistic variant characterized by decreased communicative functions. Discognitive type is characterized by predominance of disorders in cognitive processes, uneven structure of patient's intellect manifested in two variants: disverbal variant due to decreased verbal structure of intellect; dislalic, dislexic, disgraphic; aconstructive variant connected with disorders in constructive practice, fine motor system and spatial imaginations. Addictive type is characterized by affected addiction as early alcoholization and intake of psychoactive substances at different combinations in disorders of cognitive, affective-volitional sphere and personal failure.;EFFECT: higher accuracy and reliability of diagnostics.