Construction de dispositions didactiques chez le jeune enfant : des pratiques éducatives familiales – bébés nageurs et jeu a la maison – vers 'entrée dans les apprentissages scolaires a l'école maternelle

摘要

In our modern society, we have observed a major interest given to the early childhood accordingly with the increasing value of its significance on the futur adult life. Pre school activities have increased, one of its goals, less or more expressed, being to enhance the adaptation at the nursery school. Given these reports, we status that the practice of an awakening aquatic activity promote the abilities to learn, already implemented in the family daily life during games. Our researches deal with comparative didactic. It aims to identify which kind of didactic abilities each child of our three work cases develops among his family, and then to estimate, by comparison, their adaptability within school environnement. We use the JATD concepts (Joint Action Theory in Didactics) and focus our analysis on the topogenesis in order to describe everyone role during playfull games (games with no learning purposes) that turn into didactic games. Our conlusion is that if the three families say they make the most of their child automony, each of them shows a didactic way of doing things and a different approach to the definitory and strategic rules of the didactic game. This leads the child to develop unequal abilities for the accomplishment of didactic game and abilities to accept the devolution of the issue. The three children then enter primary school with a different adequacy background. The utmost displays a balance developpement between two kinds of abilities, with a valorization of the abilities to accept the devolution of the issue