A Study of the Effect of Water Quality and Management on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Selected Soils under Irrigation

摘要

The experiments were conducted by the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station in the greenhouse, and at four sites in irrigated fields. Eight by 21 inch columns of Heimdal (Typic Haploboroll) loam were seeded with alfalfa and irrigated for 20 months with 18 synthetic waters and distilled water. The waters represented ground waters and streams of North Dakota. They ranged in salinity and sodium hazard from C2S1 to C4S4 (US Salinity Lab. Classification). Anions were HCO3 and SO4. One series had excess HCO3 over Ca plus Mg. Treatments were replicated five times. About 145 inches of water was applied in 79 irrigations to produce 24 cuttings of alfalfa. Carbonates precipitated in the lower half of columns with C2 waters. Both SO4 and CO3 salts precipitated in soils with C3 and C4 waters. ESP of soils increased with increasing SAR of the waters applied. Excess HCO3 increased soil ESP, caused ESP maxima near the soil surface, and greatly decreased infiltration rates compared to waters of similar salinity and SAR without excess HCO3. Chemical analyses of four field irrigated soils were compared with similar data obtained prior to or near the initiation of irrigation. (Author)