Natural enemies of the leafminer Liriomyza trifolii (Diptera: Agromyzidae): challenges and perspectives for its biological control. [Spanish]Original Title Enemigos naturales del minador de la hoja Liriomyza trifolii (Diptera: Agromyzidae): retos y perspectivas para su control biologico.

摘要

The leafminer Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) is native to the United States of America and distributed around the world. In the central part of Mexico and Tamaulipas it is considered an economically important pest attacking peppers and chrysanthemums. In addition, in the state of Sinaloa, this pest has been reported in peppers, tomatoes, cucurbits, and other vegetables. Different authors state that L. trifolii becomes a pest when its enemies are eliminated, especially parasites, and also by its resistance to insecticides. In different regions of the world including Mexico, diverse and abundant parasitoid species of the leafminer are considered important options for augmentative and conservation and enhancement biological control. The combined use of low- or reduced-impact insecticides on non-target species and cultural practices might favor populations of parasites. The purpose of this report was to promote the use of developed technologies related to biological control of the leafminer to encourage adoption of these control methods, including conservation and utilization of natural enemies in an integrated pest management program.