The thorough and well-conducted review on the safety of transforaminal cervical epidural steroid injections (TF-CESI) is in our opinion highly needed. This review is unique because it is the first time that all reports on serious complications of TFCESI have been assembled in one paper, leading to the authors' conclusion that it is imperative that injectionists standardize techniques to minimize complications. Besides the cases reported by the authors, another case was published, which highlights yet another mechanism of serious complication, where injection of air and contrast directly in the spinal cord, resulted in incomplete tetraplegia. The patient gradually recovered with residual weakness of the left hand and refractory pain.
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