Classical Swine Fever in Brazil: study for the survey of classical swine fever outbreaks in Brazil from 1978 to 2004

摘要

The programmes developed in Brazil to control and eradicate swine fever provided an opportunity for the survey of Classical swine fever (CSF) outbreaks. CSF official programmes, strategies and results for 26 years were analysed. Based on epizootic official data, it was shown that the number of CSF outbreaks from 1978 to 2004 drastically decreased in all states, although different eradication strategies were applied in those official programmes, especially in 14 states characterized as "CSF Free Zones". Both the CSF official programmes Swine Pests Combat Programme (SPCP) from 1984 to 1991 and CSF Eradication and Control Programme (CSFECP) from 1992 to 2004 were evaluated for their effectiveness in decreasing CSF outbreaks. Considering the technical evolution in swine production systems, statistical analysis to compare the ranking of CSF outbreaks in each programme was performed by Mann-Whitney test showed at 95% confidence level (Table T) a significant difference (P<0.05) between programmes, as suggested in CSF outbreaks profile plotted diagram. The number of CSF outbreaks from 2000-2004 in "CSF-infected" and "CSF free" zones was analysed. Also, the most important recent CSF outbreak in Brazil in 1997, during CSFECP, was figured out by stamping out measures without appealing to preventive vaccination regimens. It is suggested that the efficacy of implemented CSF eradication programmes depends on the continuity of defined strategies as rigorous vigilance, notification, virus diagnostic screening and sanitary policy measures in order to enable quick and adequate action upon CSFV detection.